考纲要求

16.1 Operating System

Candidates should be able to:

16.1.1 Show understanding of the purpose of an operating system and its functions
16.1.2 Show understanding of process management, including:
- scheduling (Round Robin, First Come First Served, Shortest Job First, Shortest Remaining Time)
- process states (ready, running, blocked)
- interrupts and context switching
16.1.3 Show understanding of memory management, including:
- paging and segmentation
- virtual memory
- page replacement algorithms
16.1.4 Show understanding of file management and device management
16.1.5 Show understanding of security management in an operating system
16.1.6 Show understanding of user interfaces (CLI, GUI) provided by the operating system

Candidates should be able to:

16.2.1 Show understanding of the purpose of a translator and the differences between compiler, interpreter and assembler
16.2.2 Show understanding of the stages of compilation:
- lexical analysis (tokenisation, symbol table)
- syntax analysis (parse tree / syntax tree)
- code generation
- optimisation
16.2.3 Show understanding of how the stages interrelate
16.2.4 Show understanding of BNF (Backus-Naur Form) and syntax diagrams
16.2.5 Use BNF and syntax diagrams to define the syntax of a language
16.2.6 Show understanding of Reverse Polish Notation (RPN)
16.2.7 Convert between infix and RPN forms