MS 模式总结
通用模式
| 题型 | 分值 | 典型得分点 |
|---|---|---|
| 对称 vs 非对称加密 | 3-4 | M1 密钥数量区别；A1 速度/安全性比较；B1 应用场景 |
| 数字证书 | 3-4 | M1 CA 签发；A1 证书内容；B1 验证过程 |
| 数字签名 | 3-4 | M1 private key 签名；A1 public key 验证；B1 digest/hash |
| SSL/TLS | 4-5 | M1 握手目的；A1 session key 协商；B1 身份验证 |
| 量子密码学 | 2-3 | M1 量子原理；A1 优势；A1 局限性 |
高频得分短语
- Symmetric encryption — "same key used for encryption and decryption" / "key must be shared securely"
- Asymmetric encryption — "different keys: public and private" / "public key encrypts, private key decrypts"
- Digital signature — "signed with sender's private key" / "verified with sender's public key" / "provides authentication and non-repudiation"
- Digital certificate — "issued by a Certificate Authority (CA)" / "binds a public key to an entity" / "contains identity information, public key, expiry date, CA's digital signature"
- SSL/TLS — "provides secure communication over a network" / "uses handshake to agree on encryption algorithms and exchange keys" / "uses both asymmetric and symmetric encryption"
- Quantum cryptography — "uses principles of quantum mechanics" / "detects eavesdropping" / "currently limited by distance and cost"