MS 模式总结
通用模式
| 题型 | 分值 | 典型得分点 |
|---|---|---|
| RISC vs CISC 比较 | 3-4 | M1 每个正确比较 1 分；A1 表格/陈述式回答 |
| 流水线阶段 | 4-5 | M1 阶段名称；A1 timing diagram 正确；B1 hazard 解释 |
| Flynn's 分类 | 3-4 | M1 SISD/SIMD/MISD/MIMD 定义；A1 各给一个例子 |
| 虚拟机 | 3-4 | M1 定义；A1 优点；A1 缺点；B1 hypervisor 角色 |
高频得分短语
- RISC — "small number of simple instructions" / "one instruction per clock cycle" / "load/store architecture" / "large number of registers" / "fixed instruction length"
- CISC — "large number of complex instructions" / "variable instruction length" / "multiple clock cycles per instruction" / "micro-programmed control" / "many addressing modes"
- Pipelining — "overlapping execution of instructions" / "increases throughput" / "IF, ID, OF, IE, WB stages"
- Pipeline hazard — "structural hazard: resource conflict" / "data hazard: instruction depends on previous result" / "control hazard: branch prediction"
- Flynn's — "SISD: single instruction single data" / "SIMD: vector processing / GPU" / "MIMD: multi-core"
- Virtual machine — "software simulation of a computer" / "hypervisor manages resources" / "host OS runs on physical hardware" / "guest OS runs in VM"