方法总结

Prolog 语法速记

% Facts (常量小写, 句点结尾)
likes(john, apple).

% Rule (:- 表示 IF)
happy(X) :- likes(X, apple).

% Query (?- 表示问询)
?- happy(john).

% Variables (大写开头)
?- likes(john, What).

Prolog	Meaning
.	End of fact/rule
:-	IF (left-right)
,	AND
;	OR
not	Negation
UPPERCASE	Variable
lowercase	Constant

OOP Class 模板

CLASS ClassName
    PRIVATE DECLARE attr1 : Type
    PRIVATE DECLARE attr2 : Type

    PUBLIC PROCEDURE NEW(p1: Type, p2: Type)
        attr1 ← p1
        attr2 ← p2
    ENDPROCEDURE

    PUBLIC FUNCTION GetAttr1() RETURNS Type
        RETURN attr1
    ENDFUNCTION

    PUBLIC PROCEDURE SetAttr1(v: Type)
        attr1 ← v
    ENDPROCEDURE
ENDCLASS

Inheritance

CLASS SubClass EXTENDS SuperClass
    PUBLIC PROCEDURE NEW(...)
        CALL SuperClass::NEW(...)
        // additional init
    ENDPROCEDURE
ENDCLASS

RPN 栈求值步骤

1. Scan tokens left to right
2. If operand → PUSH to stack
3. If operator → POP b (second), POP a (first)
                 result ← a op b
                 PUSH result
4. End → POP final result

RPN — 注意顺序

Expression	Result
a b -	a − b
a b /	a ÷ b
a b ^	a^b

File Processing 模板

handle ← OPENFILE("name.txt", "r")
WHILE NOT EOF(handle)
    line ← READFILE(handle)
    process line
ENDWHILE
CLOSEFILE(handle)

Mode	Meaning
"r"	Read
"w"	Write (overwrite)
"a"	Append

Exception Handling 模板

TRY
    // risky code
EXCEPT
    // error handling code
ENDTRY

Paradigm Identification 速查

范式	特征词
Low-level	registers, memory addresses, MOV, ADD
Imperative	FOR, WHILE, IF, assignment ←
OOP	CLASS, OBJECT, method, attribute
Declarative	facts, rules, Prolog, ?-